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HomePostgreSQL Troubleshooting

PostgreSQL Troubleshooting

PostgreSQL 18 vacuum tuning diagram showing the autovacuum decision pipeline, new PostgreSQL 18 parameters and per-table policy tiers
PostgreSQL

Your Engineers Shouldn’t Be Doing PostgreSQL 18 Vacuum Tuning at Midnight

PostgreSQL 18 vacuum tuning is a design activity that belongs in a change review, next to your schema migrations and your capacity model. In most engineering organisations it is still handled somewhere else entirely: at [...]
PostgreSQL Replication Lag
PostgreSQL

Troubleshooting PostgreSQL Replication Lag in Production Streaming Replication

PostgreSQL replication lag troubleshooting: measure send, flush and replay lag via pg_stat_replication, isolate the bottleneck stage, and fix it.
[...]
PostgreSQL lock contention featured image for the MinervaDB pg_locks deep dive, showing a three-step blocking chain
Database Performance

Resolving PostgreSQL Lock Contention: A pg_locks Deep Dive

PostgreSQL lock contention resolved: read pg_locks correctly, trace blocking chains, fix deadlocks, and design DDL that never queues production.
[...]
PostgreSQL Wait Events
Monitoring

PostgreSQL Wait Event Analysis: Finding Bottlenecks with pg_stat_activity

PostgreSQL wait events explained: sample pg_stat_activity, interpret Lock, LWLock, IO and Client waits, and turn wait profiles into targeted fixes.
[...]
PostgreSQL Autovacuum Tuning
PostgreSQL

PostgreSQL Autovacuum Tuning: Diagnosing Autovacuum Lag and Table Bloat in Production

PostgreSQL autovacuum tuning for production: diagnose autovacuum lag, measure table bloat, fix per-table thresholds, and prevent wraparound risk.
[...]
PostgreSQL Slow Query Troubleshooting
PostgreSQL

PostgreSQL Slow Query Troubleshooting with EXPLAIN ANALYZE and pg_stat_statements

PostgreSQL slow query troubleshooting with EXPLAIN ANALYZE and pg_stat_statements: find, diagnose, and fix slow queries in production, step by step.
[...]
PgBouncer performance tuning
Database Performance Tuning

PgBouncer Performance Tuning: Diagnosing Pool Saturation and Connection Bottlenecks in PostgreSQL

PgBouncer performance tuning for PostgreSQL: diagnose pool saturation with SHOW POOLS, read cl_waiting correctly, size pools, and fix bottlenecks.
[...]
UPDATE LIMIT in PostgreSQL
Datatbase Systems

How to Do UPDATE LIMIT in PostgreSQL (With Standard SQL Alternatives)

If you have ever migrated a workload from MySQL to PostgreSQL, you have probably hit a wall the first time you tried to run a statement like UPDATE mytable SET status = 'done' LIMIT 100;. [...]
Patroni Standby Cluster
MinervaDB

Patroni Standby Cluster: Cascading Replication for PostgreSQL High Availability

PostgreSQL has become the database of choice for organizations that demand reliability, and Patroni sits at the center of most production-grade PostgreSQL high availability deployments. In this in-depth guide we walk through one of Patroni's [...]
Should I Rebuild My PostgreSQL Index? When and How to REINDEX
MinervaDB

Should I Rebuild My PostgreSQL Index? When and How to REINDEX

Few maintenance questions generate as much confusion in the PostgreSQL community as this one: should I rebuild my PostgreSQL index, and if so, how often? Database administrators arriving from other systems frequently ask, "How can [...]

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Table of Contents

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  • Why the urge to rebuild my PostgreSQL index is often misguided
  • Does the decision to rebuild a PostgreSQL index depend on the index type?
  • How can a tree-like index deteriorate?
    • The importance of densely packed index pages
    • The small impact of bloat on scanning for a single table row
    • Index range scans are more affected by bloat and fragmentation
  • How index bloat happens, and when it makes a rebuild attractive
  • How to rebuild my PostgreSQL index: assessing a B-tree index first
    • Using pgstatindex() before you rebuild my PostgreSQL index
  • How to rebuild a PostgreSQL index safely with REINDEX
  • Should I rebuild my PostgreSQL index for other index types?
  • Should you automate regular index rebuilds in PostgreSQL?
  • Key takeaways on rebuilding a PostgreSQL index
→ Index